En B2 necesitas escribir textos organizados, con párrafos claros y conectores adecuados. Aquí verás modelos simples para un informe y un opinion essay.
1) Mapa rápido
REPORT = describe la situación + analiza + recomienda
OPINION ESSAY = presenta el tema + da tu opinión + la justificas
La gramática es importante, pero en B2 también se evalúa mucho la estructura y la cohesión.
Antes de escribir, haz un mini esquema de 3–4 ideas. Esos serán tus párrafos.
2) Informe (report): estructura básica
Un report suele responder a un encargo: informar sobre una situación y dar recomendaciones. Registro: formal o semi-formal.
- 1Introducción: decir de qué trata el informe y por qué lo escribes.
- 2Cuerpo (2–3 párrafos): describir la situación, datos, ventajas/desventajas.
- 3Conclusión / Recomendaciones: resumir y sugerir acciones.
Frases útiles para un report
| Parte | Expresiones útiles | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| Introducción |
| The aim of this report is to analyse students’ use of the school library. |
| Cuerpo |
| Most students said that the library is too small. |
| Conclusión / recomendaciones |
| In conclusion, I would recommend buying more computers. It would be a good idea to extend the opening hours. |
Mini-modelo de report
Título
Report on the English course
Introducción
The aim of this report is to evaluate the English course organized last month and to make some recommendations for the future.
Cuerpo
Most students were satisfied with the lessons. They particularly liked the speaking activities. However, many students complained about the size of the classrooms and the lack of modern equipment.
Conclusión / recomendaciones
In conclusion, I would recommend reducing the number of students per group and providing more computers. It would also be a good idea to organize extra conversation classes.
No necesitas un estilo “literario”: claridad + organización + conectores ya te da muchos puntos.
3) Opinion essay: estructura básica
Un opinion essay presenta un tema y tu opinión, apoyada en argumentos. Registro: de neutral a semi-formal, evitando lenguaje muy coloquial.
- 1Introducción: presentar el tema y tu opinión general.
- 2Párrafo 1: primer argumento + ejemplo.
- 3Párrafo 2: segundo argumento + contraargumento breve (opcional).
- 4Conclusión: resumir y repetir tu opinión de forma clara.
Frases útiles para opinión
| Función | Expresiones | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| Introducir opinión |
| I strongly believe that learning English should be compulsory at school. |
| Añadir ideas |
| Firstly, it helps students find better jobs. Furthermore, it allows them to travel more easily. |
| Contrastar |
| On the other hand, some people argue that it is too expensive. |
| Conclusión |
| In conclusion, for these reasons I believe that studying abroad is a great opportunity. |
Mini-modelo de opinion essay
Título
Should teenagers have a part-time job?
Introducción
Many people think that teenagers should focus only on their studies, while others believe that having a part-time job is beneficial. In my opinion, having a job can be very positive for young people if it is not too demanding.
Párrafo 1
Firstly, a part-time job teaches responsibility and time management. For example, teenagers learn to arrive on time and to organise their homework around their schedule.
Párrafo 2
In addition, they gain valuable work experience, which can be useful in the future. However, if they work too many hours, they may feel tired and their grades might suffer.
Conclusión
To sum up, I believe that having a part-time job can be a good idea, as long as teenagers do not work more than a few hours per week and their studies remain the priority.
4) Cohesión: conectores y organización
La cohesión es lo que hace que tu texto fluya. No abuses de los conectores, pero usa algunos de forma consciente.
| Función | Conectores B2 útiles | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| Añadir | and, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in addition | Furthermore, the results show that most students prefer online lessons. |
| Contrastar | but, however, on the other hand, although, while | However, there are some disadvantages that should be mentioned. |
| Ejemplos | for example, for instance, such as | For example, many students said that they feel more confident online. |
| Resultado | so, therefore, as a result, consequently | As a result, it is clear that more training is necessary. |
| Organización | firstly, secondly, finally, in conclusion, to sum up | In conclusion, most participants were satisfied with the course. |
En exámenes, es mejor usar pocos conectores bien elegidos que muchos repetidos o mal usados.
5) Errores típicos en B2 (y cómo evitarlos)
| Error | Problema | Solución |
|---|---|---|
| *I think that is very important…* (sin tema claro) | Frases muy genéricas; falta contexto del tema. | In my opinion, learning English is very important because… |
| Párrafo gigante sin separación | Difícil de leer; mala organización visual y lógica. | Divide en párrafos cortos: intro, ideas separadas, conclusión. |
| Uso excesivo de “and” | Texto inmaduro, poco variado. | Introduce conectores: also, moreover, however, for example, therefore… |
| Estilo demasiado informal | Palabras como “kids”, “stuff”, “a lot of things” en informes formales. | Usa children, many activities, a large number of students en textos formales. |
| No responder exactamente a la consigna | Hablas del tema en general, pero no haces lo que te piden (recomendar, comparar…). | Subraya las palabras clave del enunciado: “describe”, “recommend”, “advantages and disadvantages”. |
Antes de escribir, anota: tipo de texto (report/opinion), registro (formal/neutral) y propósito (informar, recomendar, opinar).
6) Mini-práctica
- Identifica el tipo de texto que se pide (REPORT u OPINION ESSAY):
a) “Your school wants to improve the canteen. Write a text describing the current situation and making recommendations.”
b) “Do you think students should wear school uniforms? Write a text giving your opinion.”
c) “Your teacher has asked you to write about the advantages and disadvantages of online classes and make suggestions.”
d) “Is it better to live in a big city or in the countryside? Write your opinion.”
- Completa con una frase introductoria adecuada (elige y adáptala): The aim of this report is… / In my opinion,… / I strongly believe that…
a) ______ analyse the use of mobile phones at school.
b) ______ teenagers should not have a part-time job during the school year.
c) ______ to describe the current state of the gym and suggest improvements. - Une cada conector con su función principal:
a) however
b) for example
c) as a result
d) in addition
e) to sum up
1) ejemplo
2) resultado
3) añadir idea
4) conclusión
5) contraste - Reescribe las frases mejorando el registro y la cohesión:
a) *The canteen is small and the food is bad and students don’t like it.*
b) *I think online classes are good and bad. And teachers sometimes have problems.*
c) *There are a lot of things to improve and the school should do stuff about it.* - (Producción guiada) Escribe un pequeño plan:
a) Elige uno: “report sobre la biblioteca de tu escuela” o “opinion essay: ‘Should students use smartphones in class?’”.
b) Haz un esquema con: introducción (1 frase), 2–3 ideas para el cuerpo, 1 frase de conclusión.
c) Opcional: escribe un párrafo de 4–5 líneas usando al menos 2 conectores.
Respuestas ejemplo (orientativas):
1) a) REPORT · b) OPINION ESSAY · c) REPORT (con parte de opinión/recomendación) · d) OPINION ESSAY
2) a) The aim of this report is to analyse the use of mobile phones at school.
b) I strongly believe that teenagers should not have a part-time job during the school year.
c) The aim of this report is to describe the current state of the gym and suggest improvements.
3) a) however → 5 (contraste)
b) for example → 1 (ejemplo)
c) as a result → 2 (resultado)
d) in addition → 3 (añadir idea)
e) to sum up → 4 (conclusión)
4) Posibles versiones:
a) The canteen is too small and the quality of the food is poor. As a result, many students are not satisfied.
b) Online classes have both advantages and disadvantages. For example, some teachers have technical problems.
c) There are several aspects that need improvement, and the school should take action to solve them.
5) Respuesta libre; comprueba que tu plan tenga: intro clara, ideas separadas en párrafos y conectores apropiados.
7) Próximo paso
Continúa con Reading: inferencias y referencias anafóricas, donde aprenderás a entender información que no está explícita y a interpretar pronombres como it, they, this, such, one dentro de un texto.