Usa be going to para hablar de planes decididos e intenciones, y para predicciones con evidencia.
1) ¿Cuándo se usa?
- Plan/intención: I’m going to start a course next month.
- Evidencia: Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain.
We talked about it yesterday. We’re going to buy a car.
2) Forma básica
| Tipo | Estructura | Ejemplos |
|---|---|---|
| Afirmativa | I am / You/We/They are / He/She/It is + going to + V | She is going to study medicine. · They are going to travel. |
| Negativa | S + am not / isn’t / aren’t + going to + V | I’m not going to eat dessert. · He isn’t going to come. |
| Pregunta | Am/Is/Are + S + going to + V? | Are you going to move? · Is she going to call? |
Pronunciación común: gonna /ˈɡʌnə/ en habla informal (solo en habla; escribe going to).
3) Going to vs Will (idea clave A2)
| Situación | Going to | Will |
|---|---|---|
| Plan previo | We’re going to visit my aunt on Saturday. | — |
| Decisión en el momento | — | I think I’ll order pizza. (ahora mismo) |
| Predicción con evidencia | Look! He’s speeding. He’s going to crash. | — |
| Predicción sin evidencia (opinión) | — | I think it will be easy. |
4) Expresiones de tiempo frecuentes
I’m going to start next week. · We’re going to meet tomorrow morning.
Horarios fijos (timetable) se ven con Present Simple en otra lección: The train leaves at 7.
5) Colocación con adverbios
- be + adverb + going to + V: She is probably going to call.
- Negativa: He isn’t really going to change.
- Pregunta: Are you really going to quit?
6) Errores comunes
| Incorrecto | Correcto | Por qué |
|---|---|---|
| *I going to study* | I am going to study | Siempre necesita forma de be. |
| *He don’t going to come* | He isn’t going to come | Negación con be, no con do. |
| *I’m going to can go* | I’m going to go | No combines con modales (can). Usa el verbo base. |
| *Will going to…* | Will… / Going to… | No mezcles dos futuros. |
Gonna es informal en habla; evita escribirlo en textos formales.
7) Mini-práctica
- Completa con am/is/are + going to:
a) They ____ ____ ____ move to Canada. · b) I ____ ____ ____ call you tonight. - Transforma a negativa:
She is going to buy it. → ____________________________ - Pregunta de Sí/No:
You are going to take the exam. → ____________________________ ? - Elige will o going to:
a) I forgot! Ok, I ____ help you now. (decisión ahora)
b) We talked about it. We ____ visit grandma on Sunday. (plan) - Traduce al inglés:
“Mira esas nubes. Va a llover.”
Respuestas ejemplo: 1) a) are going to b) am going to · 2) She isn’t going to buy it. · 3) Are you going to take the exam? · 4a) will 4b) are going to · 5) Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain.
8) Próximo paso
Sigue con Will (decisiones espontáneas, promesas, ofertas) para completar las formas básicas de futuro.