Past Simple irregulares (lista base y patrones) – Gramática inglesa A2

1) Formas con verbos irregulares

Afirm. S + V2 (irreg.) Neg. S + didn’t + V_base Int. Did + S + V_base?

Tipo	Ejemplo	Traducción
Afirmativa	She went home early.	Ella se fue a casa temprano.
Negativa	She didn’t go home early.	No se fue a casa temprano.
Pregunta	Did she go home early?	¿Se fue a casa temprano?

Nunca *didn’t went* ni *Did she went?* — con did el verbo va en base.

2) Patrones de cambio vocálico (muy comunes)

i → a i → o (e) ea/ee → o/e o/come → came

Base	Pasado (V2)	Ejemplo
sing	sang	They sang together.
drink	drank	I drank water.
sit	sat	We sat outside.
write	wrote	She wrote a memo.
drive	drove	He drove to work.
ride	rode	We rode bikes.
break	broke	I broke my glass.
choose	chose	They chose option B.
come	came	She came late.
become	became	He became a chef.
see	saw	We saw a movie.
take	took	I took the bus.
fall	fell	She fell down.
give	gave	He gave me a gift.
eat	ate	We ate early.
speak	spoke	She spoke first.

3) Terminaciones -aught / -ought

teach → taught buy → bought bring → brought think → thought catch → caught

Base	Pasado	Ejemplo
teach	taught	She taught math.
buy	bought	I bought a ticket.
bring	brought	He brought snacks.
think	thought	We thought about it.
catch	caught	They caught the bus.

4) Pasados en -t

keep → kept sleep → slept feel → felt leave → left send → sent build → built spend → spent lose → lost

Base	Pasado	Ejemplo
keep	kept	She kept the receipt.
sleep	slept	I slept well.
feel	felt	He felt tired.
leave	left	We left early.
send	sent	They sent an email.
build	built	We built a shed.
spend	spent	I spent $10.
lose	lost	She lost her keys.

5) Sin cambio y otros muy frecuentes

put → put cut → cut hit → hit let → let cost → cost read → read (/red/) say → said make → made have → had get → got tell → told sell → sold meet → met find → found hear → heard hold → held stand → stood understand → understood

Base	Pasado	Ejemplo
put	put	I put it here.
read	read (/red/)	She read the book.
say	said	He said hello.
make	made	We made a cake.
have	had	They had lunch.
get	got	I got the job.
tell	told	She told me the news.
find	found	We found a solution.

be → was/were (I/he/she/it was; you/we/they were).

6) Errores comunes

Incorrecto	Correcto	Motivo
I didn’t went	I didn’t go	Con didn’t → base.
Did you saw?	Did you see?	Pregunta con did → base.
I buyed it	I bought it	Irregular.
She read (/riːd/) yesterday	She read (/red/) yesterday	Cambia pronunciación.

7) Mini-práctica

Completa con la forma pasada (V2):
a) go → ______ · b) eat → ______ · c) catch → ______ · d) make → ______ · e) read → ______ (/____/)
Pasa a negativa (usa didn’t + base):
a) She went home. → She ______ ______ home.
Haz la pregunta:
You took the train. → ______ you ______ the train?
Corrige el error:
*They didn’t bought tickets.* → _____________________________
Traduce al inglés:
“Conocimos a su familia ayer.” → _____________________________

Soluciones ejemplo: 1) a) went b) ate c) caught d) made e) read (/red/) · 2) didn’t go · 3) Did / take · 4) They didn’t buy tickets. · 5) We met their family yesterday.

8) Próximo paso

Sigue con Expresiones de tiempo en pasado (yesterday, ago, last…) para ubicar acciones en el tiempo.