Usamos el comparativo para comparar dos cosas/personas. Estructura base: adjetivo comparativo + than (más… que).
1) Formación básica
1 sílaba → -er + than Consonante–vocal–consonante → duplica Terminación -y → -ier ≥2 sílabas → more + adj + than
| Regla | Ejemplos | Traducción |
|---|---|---|
| 1 sílaba: -er | tall → taller than · fast → faster than | más alto/rápido que |
| CVC: duplica consonante | big → bigger than · hot → hotter than | más grande/caliente que |
| Final -y → -ier | happy → happier than · easy → easier than | más feliz/fácil que |
| Dos o más sílabas | more interesting than · more expensive than | más interesante/caro que |
¡Cuidado! No mezcles formas: ✗ more taller · ✗ more big. Usa taller / bigger.
2) Irregulares y formas especiales
good → better bad → worse far → farther/further little → less many/much → more
| Adjetivo | Comparativo | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| good | better | This phone is better than mine. |
| bad | worse | Today is worse than yesterday. |
| far | farther/further | The beach is farther than the park. |
| little | less | I have less time than you. |
| many/much | more | We need more water than that. |
3) Modificadores de intensidad
much / a lot / far a little / a bit / slightly
- much / a lot / far + comparativo: This laptop is much faster than that one.
- a little / a bit / slightly + comparativo: She is a bit taller than her sister.
También puedes usar by far, pero con superlativos (the best by far). Aquí trabajamos comparativos.
4) Igualdad y desigualdad
as + adj + as not as/so + adj + as
| Estructura | Ejemplo | Traducción |
|---|---|---|
| as + adj + as | This task is as easy as that one. | tan fácil como |
| not as/so + adj + as | This room is not as big as the kitchen. | no tan grande como |
5) Errores comunes
| Incorrecto | Correcto | Motivo |
|---|---|---|
| *more taller than* | taller than | Evita doble comparativo. |
| *more big than* | bigger than | 1 sílaba → -er. |
| *then* vs than | than | than para comparar; then = “entonces”. |
| *She is most tall than…* | taller than | “most” es superlativo, no comparativo. |
6) Mini-práctica
- Forma el comparativo:
cold · busy · expensive · hot · good - Completa con -er o more + adj + than:
My car is ______ (fast) ______ yours. - Usa un modificador:
This phone is ______ ______ (much / a little) cheap ______ that one. (ajusta a “cheaper than” o “more cheap than”→recuerda la regla) - Igualdad/desigualdad:
This exam is ______ ______ ______ the last one. (tan difícil como) - Corrige el error:
*This street is more narrow than that one.* → __________________________
Soluciones ejemplo: 1) colder, busier, more expensive, hotter, better · 2) faster than · 3) much/a little cheaper than · 4) as difficult as · 5) narrower than.
7) Próximo paso
Sigue con Superlativos (the tallest, the most…) para hablar del grado máximo dentro de un grupo.