Wh- questions básicas
Se usan para pedir información. La forma general es: Wh- + do/does/be/can + sujeto + verbo (base)…?
1) Estructuras clave
Wh- + do/does + sujeto + verbo…? Wh- + am/is/are + sujeto…? (to be) Wh- + can + sujeto + verbo…? (modal) Si who es sujeto, NO auxiliar: Who lives here? Orden: La inversión va con el auxiliar, no con el verbo principal: *Where lives she?* ✗ → Where does she live? ✓
2) ¿Qué Wh- uso?
| Wh- | Pregunta | Ejemplos |
|---|---|---|
| What (qué) | Cosas/actividades | What do you do? (¿A qué te dedicas?) · What is this? |
| Where (dónde) | Lugar | Where do they live? · Where is the station? |
| When (cuándo) | Tiempo/fecha | When do you have class? · When is your birthday? |
| Who (quién/quiénes) | Personas | Who is he? · Who lives here? (sujeto) |
| Why (por qué) | Motivo/razón | Why do you study English? — Because I need it for work. |
| How old (edad) | Edad | How old are you? · How old is your sister? |
Which (cuál/cuáles) se usa cuando hay opciones limitadas (A2). En A1 usa what para “qué”.
3) Con to be vs con otros verbos
- To be:
Wh- + am/is/are + sujeto…?→ Where are you from? - Otros verbos:
Wh- + do/does + sujeto + verbo (base)…?→ What do you do? - Modales:
Wh- + can + sujeto + base…?→ Why can’t he come?
4) Respuestas típicas
| Pregunta | Respuesta modelo |
|---|---|
| Where do you live? | I live in Mexico City. |
| When do you work? | I work on weekdays. |
| Who is she? | She is my sister. |
| Why do you study English? | Because I want a better job. |
| How old are you? | I’m 25 (years old). |
5) Errores comunes
| Incorrecto | Correcto | Por qué |
|---|---|---|
| *Where you live?* | Where do you live? | Falta el auxiliar do |
| *What is your job do?* | What do you do? | Con do el verbo va en base |
| *Who does live here?* (como sujeto) | Who lives here? | Who = sujeto → sin auxiliar |
| *Why you are late?* | Why are you late? | Con be se invierte be + sujeto |
6) Mini-práctica
- Forma la pregunta:
you / live / where → ____________________________? - Con be:
how old / your brother → ____________________________? - Corrige:
*When you have class?* → ____________________________ - Escribe una respuesta posible:
Why do you study English? → ________________________ - Who como sujeto:
(live here) → ____________________________?
Ejemplos: Where do you live? · How old is your brother? · When do you have class? · Because I need it for work. · Who lives here?
7) Próximo paso
Sigue con How much / How many y la diferencia entre contables y no contables para hablar de cantidad correctamente.