Present Simple — 3.ª persona (he / she / it)
Con he/she/it el verbo en afirmativa añade -s, -es o cambia a -ies. Aprende las reglas y excepciones.
1) Forma básica
He/She/It + verbo (-s/-es/-ies) + complemento “have → has”, “do → does” “go → goes”, “watch → watches” | Sujeto | Verbo | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| he | works | He works at night. |
| she | studies | She studies English. |
| it | rains | It rains a lot here. |
| she | has | She has two sisters. |
| he | does | He does exercise. |
El negativo y las preguntas van con does/doesn’t. Lo verás en las próximas lecciones.
2) Reglas de ortografía
| Terminación | Regla | Ejemplos |
|---|---|---|
| Forma general | + -s | play → plays; read → reads |
| -s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -z, (-o* común) | + -es | watch → watches; pass → passes; go → goes |
| Consonante + y | y → ies | study → studies; try → tries |
| Vocal + y | + -s | play → plays; enjoy → enjoys |
| Irregular | cambio propio | have → has; do → does |
*En -o muchas palabras llevan -es (goes), pero hay excepciones (video → videos como sustantivo; en verbos, do → does, go → goes son clave A1).
3) Uso típico
- Hábitos: She gets up early.
- Gustos con like/love/hate: He likes music.
- Hechos: It snows in winter.
- Horarios: The bus leaves at 7. (“leaves” = 3.ª persona “it”)
Ojo: no agregues “-s” a un segundo verbo en serie: *She likes watchs movies* ✗ → She likes to watch / watching ✓
4) Contrastes y errores comunes
| Incorrecto | Correcto | Por qué |
|---|---|---|
| *He work every day* | He works every day | 3.ª persona → “-s” |
| *She have a car* | She has a car | have → has |
| *It rain in July* | It rains in July | “-s” con it |
| *He studys English* | He studies English | consonante + y → ies |
5) Mini-práctica
- Completa:
(She) ____ (go) to work by bike. · (He) ____ (watch) TV at night. · (It) ____ (rain) in April. - Transforma a 3.ª persona:
I study English → ________ · We have classes → ________ - Corrige:
*He do his homework* → ________ · *She trys hard* → ________
Respuestas ejemplo: goes · watches · rains · He studies English · They have classes → He has classes · He does his homework · She tries hard.
6) Próximo paso
Sigue con negativa (don’t/doesn’t) y preguntas (do/does). Ahí el verbo vuelve a la forma base: He doesn’t like, Does she work?