Errores de hispanohablantes B2 (prepositions, false friends, order)
En nivel B2 muchos hispanohablantes cometen los mismos errores: preposiciones mal copiadas del español, false friends (falsos amigos) y orden de palabras incorrecto. Vamos a atacar los más típicos.
1) Mapa rápido
❌ *I depend of my parents.*
✅ I depend on my parents.
❌ *Actually I live in Spain.* (queriendo decir “actualmente”)
✅ Currently / Nowadays I live in Spain.
Muchos de estos errores se repiten en exámenes B2, así que corregirlos da un salto grande en tu nivel.
Pregúntate siempre: “¿Esto lo digo porque lo he visto en inglés, o porque lo estoy copiando del español?”
2) Preposiciones típicas que se traducen mal
Algunas combinaciones verbo + preposición no siguen la lógica del español. Hay que memorizarlas como chunks.
| Español (idea) | Incorrecto | Correcto |
|---|---|---|
| depender de | *depend of* | depend on It depends on the weather. |
| escuchar música | *listen music* | listen to music I usually listen to music at night. |
| pensar en | *think in* | think about/of I often think about my future. |
| bueno en / malo en | *good in English* | good at / bad at She is very good at maths. |
| interesado en | *interested on / interested about* | interested in I’m really interested in psychology. |
| casado con | *married with* | married to She is married to a doctor. |
| esperar (alguien) | *wait him / wait her* | wait for him/her We are waiting for the bus. |
Siempre que aprendas un verbo, intenta aprender su preposición típica: apply for, look for, look after, suffer from…
3) False friends (falsos amigos) más peligrosos
Palabras que se parecen al español pero significan otra cosa. Causan malentendidos muy frecuentes.
| Inglés | No significa… | Significa… | Uso correcto |
|---|---|---|---|
| actually | NO = actualmente | = en realidad, de hecho | Actually, I don’t like coffee. |
| current(ly) | NO = corrientemente | = actual / actualmente | The current situation is difficult. Currently, I’m working from home. |
| library | NO = librería (tienda) | = biblioteca | I borrowed this book from the library. |
| embarrassed | NO = embarazada | = avergonzado/a | I felt very embarrassed when I forgot his name. |
| pregnant | NO = “preocupada” | = embarazada | She is pregnant with her first child. |
| constipated | NO = constipado (nariz) | = estreñido/a (UK también “resfriado” a veces, pero cuidado) | He is constipated and needs more fibre. |
| sensible | NO = sensible (emocional) | = sensato, con sentido común | It’s sensible to save some money every month. |
| sensitive | NO = sensato | = sensible (emocional) / delicado | She is very sensitive to criticism. |
| assist | NO = asistir (ir a un sitio) | = ayudar | Two nurses assisted the doctor during the operation. |
| attend | NO = atender (cuidar) | = asistir (ir a un evento) | Over 500 people attended the conference. |
Cada vez que veas una palabra “parecida al español”, comprueba el significado en un buen diccionario antes de usarla.
4) Orden de palabras: adjetivos, adverbios y complementos
A) Adjetivo + nombre (no como en español)
- Español: una casa grande
- Inglés: a big house (adjetivo antes del nombre)
❌ *a house big* (solo en estructuras específicas: the house is big).
B) Adverbios de frecuencia
- Orden típico: sujeto + adverbio + verbo principal
I usually go to bed late. - Con el verbo be: adverbio después de be
She is always late.
❌ *I go usually to bed late.*
✅ I usually go to bed late.
C) Orden básico en frase afirmativa
SUJETO + VERBO + OBJETO + COMPLEMENTOS
I bought a new laptop yesterday.
(no: *I bought yesterday a new laptop* en la mayoría de contextos B2)
Si dudas, piensa: Who? + did what? + to what/who? + where/when? → y coloca los elementos en ese orden.
5) Errores típicos combinando todo
| Incorrecto | Por qué está mal | Versión correcta |
|---|---|---|
| *Actually I’m very interesting in learn English.* |
| Currently I’m very interested in learning English. / Actually, I’m very interested in learning English. (si es “en realidad…”) |
| *I usually go to the library to buy books.* | library = biblioteca, no librería. | I usually go to the bookshop / bookstore to buy books. |
| *She is married with a doctor and depends of him.* |
| She is married to a doctor and depends on him. |
| *The pollution in the city is a very big problem actually.* |
| Currently, pollution in the city is a very serious problem. |
| *I am very sensible and I cry a lot in sad films.* | sensible = sensato; quieren decir “sensitive”. | I am very sensitive and I cry a lot in sad films. |
Guarda una lista personal de tus errores típicos y revísala antes de entregar cualquier writing en B2.
6) Mini-práctica
- Corrige las preposiciones si es necesario:
a) It depends of the weather.
b) I’m very interested on history.
c) We are waiting him in front of the cinema.
d) She is married with an engineer.
e) He is really good in languages. - Elige la palabra correcta (¡cuidado con los falsos amigos!):
a) I’m very (sensible / sensitive) to cold weather.
b) I borrowed this book from the (library / librery / bookshop).
c) (Actually / Currently), I’m looking for a new job.
d) I’d like to (assist / attend) the conference next week.
e) She felt (embarrassed / pregnant) when she forgot his name. - Reescribe con orden de palabras correcto:
a) I go usually to the gym in the evening.
b) I bought yesterday a beautiful red dress.
c) My friend is teacher English.
d) She has a car very big.
e) Always she is late. - Indica si la frase es correcta (C) o incorrecta (I). Corrige las incorrectas:
a) I depend on my parents sometimes.
b) There is a big pollution in the city actually.
c) We had a long discussion about the problem.
d) He is very sensible and never takes risks.
e) I look forward to assist your event. - (Producción guiada) Escribe 3–4 frases sobre ti usando:
• una estructura con depend on / depend(s) on
• un falso amigo correcto (actually, currently, sensitive…)
• un adverbio de frecuencia en posición correcta (usually, often…)
Respuestas ejemplo (orientativas):
1) a) depends on · b) interested in · c) waiting for him
d) married to · e) good at
2) a) sensitive · b) library / (bookshop si compras el libro) · c) Currently
d) attend · e) embarrassed
3) a) I usually go to the gym in the evening.
b) I bought a beautiful red dress yesterday.
c) My friend is an English teacher.
d) She has a very big car.
e) She is always late.
4) a) C · b) I → Currently, there is a lot of pollution in the city.
c) C · d) C (sensible = sensato, correcto según contexto).
e) I → I look forward to attending your event.
5) Respuesta libre; revisa preposiciones, falsos amigos y orden de palabras.
7) Próximo paso
Continúa con Phrasals B2: set up, carry out, bring up, come up with, put off, turn down, work out, donde vas a profundizar en verbos compuestos muy comunes en inglés avanzado y en exámenes oficiales.